What is the main function of the compressor in an air conditioning system?

The main function of the compressor in an air conditioning system is to increase the pressure of the refrigerant. This process is crucial because it allows the refrigerant to absorb heat from the indoor air and transfer that heat outside.

When the refrigerant enters the compressor, it is in a low-pressure gaseous state; the compressor then compresses this gas, raising its pressure and temperature significantly. This high-pressure gas continues through the system, moving to the condenser where it will release the absorbed heat. By increasing the pressure, the compressor also ensures that the refrigerant can flow appropriately through the system, enabling effective heat exchange in both the evaporator and condenser coils.

This functionality is vital for the overall cycle of heat transfer in the air conditioning system, influencing efficiency and cooling capacity. Other components of the AC system serve distinct roles—such as circulating air, cooling refrigerant, and removing moisture—but the compressor's primary responsibility is to manage the pressure of the refrigerant, facilitating the cooling process.