What can short cycling in an air conditioning system lead to?

Short cycling in an air conditioning system occurs when the unit frequently turns on and off in a short period without completing a full cooling cycle. This behavior can lead to increased wear and tear on the system's components, such as the compressor, which is one of the most critical and often expensive parts of the air conditioning system. Frequent start-stop cycles can cause the compressor to overheat, leading to potential failure and requiring costly repairs or replacements.

Moreover, short cycling can result in higher energy costs. Each time the system starts, it draws a significant amount of power, which can lead to inefficient energy usage. The unit may not run long enough to remove sufficient moisture from the air, contributing to discomfort and leading to additional energy consumption to maintain comfort levels.

In summary, the primary consequences of short cycling are increased wear on system components and elevated energy costs, making this the correct answer.